Showing posts with label crash. Show all posts
Showing posts with label crash. Show all posts

Thursday, August 21, 2008

‘Confidence’ is the underlying asset for Dollar. Do your own valuation of ‘Confidence’

I have lost confidence in US Dollar and I am betting that Dollar will soon crash. These sorts of things don’t happen very often and therefore so called ‘experts’ (Microsoft Excel operators) will not be able to predict it. But once in a looooooong while these things happen as it happen with Russian Rouble. Russia was looked upon as superpower when that happened and predicting crash in their currency was nothing less than blasphemy then. Eventually it happened and then people marked those events as end of USSR era. I believe the current period will go down in history as end of USA era.

As I had mentioned 3 years back here in my blog the underlying asset to Dollar is Confidence and not Gold as it should be. And as you know the confidence is a very fickle asset, you don’t know when it disappears.

Newsweek: "Americans are glum at the moment. No, I mean really glum. In April, a new poll revealed that 81 percent of the American people believe that the country is on the "wrong track." In the 25 years that pollsters have asked this question, last month's response was by far the most negative. Other polls, asking similar questions, found levels of gloom that were even more alarming, often at 30- and 40-year highs………… "

Dollar is the prime currency today and is the standard for international trade. Almost all of international Crude Oil trade happens in Dollar. Most of the trillion dollar reserve held by China is in Dollar and same is true for more than 300 billion dollar reserve of India.

For decades now dollar has been the acceptable standard and nobody ever questioned it. After the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944 when dollar became the international standard for trade, USA was supposed to keep Gold as underlying asset. However, in 1971 USA, unilaterally, has done away with that practice and has been happily printing Dollar ever since with Confidence as the only underlying asset. Till date Confidence has been an appreciating asset all the while with USA companies ruling the world economics. But with the turn of events over the last 12 months – Housing price crash, subprime, Credit crisis, bankruptcy of banks and financial institutions, bankruptcy of automobile companies - USA looks much more venerable today. This bubble has built up over the years as USA kept borrowing from the world to meet the domestic consumption bill of its nationals. CDOs etc had managed to delay the inevitable by creating fake confidence, but then it can only delay.

I believe the current government will continue to delay the inevitable will all kind of financial jugglery just to keep Republican chance alive in the next election. But the new government will have to clean the house and we can expect Dollar Crash prediction coming true around that period. In the meanwhile like Indian Government, USA government will keep on increasing the deficit bill (by off balance sheet items) impact of which will be felt with a lag only after the elections.

Frankly all countries will get adversely impacted by the Dollar Crash in the short term but for the long term general good it’s high time that World practices some “currency diversification”. Few major impacts against which countries & companies should guard against are:

1. Holding all or substantial part of Foreign exchange reserve in Dollar or Dollar denominated US government securities. India and China both are running this risk and I believe many more country is doing the same. It’s high time that we diversify.
2. International trade in critical items like crude only in dollar is another big risk. You don’t know when exactly the music will stop and you should guard against being caught with the parcel when the music stops.
3. Financial instruments which increase your exposure to Dollar. In the current world of financial derivatives, carry trade etc there may be many financial bombs hidden in your treasury department which you might not be aware. Its time to check your cupboards.
4. There are other risk like too much dependence on USA for exports which is difficult to diversify in the short term (IT companies face major risk here)

Sudden move by countries like China and India to diversify there foreign exchange reserve risk or move towards crude trading in currency other than dollar can trigger the crash but we don’t have any other option but to walk the thin ice. Sooner than later the ice will melt.

USA Government and especially Fed are trying to avoid the inevitable. Now it’s a matter of your confidence in their capability to tide over this crisis. I don’t have the confidence and hence I suggest diversification. (Note even if the dollar crash doesn’t happen there is nothing to loose by diversification. Diversification to currency like Euro will only help in the long run).

Saturday, February 23, 2008

Has the Bubble Burst? No not yet

Readers of my blog know that I had been predicting burst for quite a while now. And to be very frank the current correction in the stock market can’t exactly be called a burst – it’s too soft a landing to be called a burst, it’s just a correction.

What is a “Burst?”
Burst is something that is followed with lot of pain for example:
1. Crash / Substantial fall in prices of all asset class including shares & real estate. (Has fallen a bit but not substantial)
2. Huge cash loss to speculators and erosion in value of portfolio (happened to an extent but still not at a scale as experienced during a burst. Generally lead to liquidation of long term assets to pay off. Even lead to couple of suicides).
3. Realization that many projects taken up in boom time are not actually viable. This generally happens when people bid more aggressively then one should actually bid (good examples may be Reliance Power’s Sashan Project, Reliance Energy’s Sewree – Nava Seva Sea-link, IPL etc.). Many projects get scrapped, delayed or ‘restructured’ after burst.
4. Fall in prices of factors of production – Land, Labour and Capital. (Currently cost of capital and land has corrected a bit but labour cost is still moving north).
5. Inability to pay debts relating to housing loan etc. This is generally accompanied by lack of willingness to pay because of substantial fall in market value of property. (It has happened in USA but not yet in India)
6. Another remarkable feature of all burst is fall of something which was considered in fallible. For example: big companies like Enron, Worldcom etc. (This time it might be one of the big banks like – Citibank.)
7. Growth engines hitting the wall and come down crashing – this bull runs growth engines have been – Financial engineering (banks), Real estate prices and Power sector. Crash should be more evident in these sectors.
Again the Piped Piper of the last two bull runs were Harshad Mehta and Ketan Pariekh – this time it’s Anil Ambani. Anil Ambani’s fall from grace can lead to end of Bull Run. Last two bulls used ‘not so legal methods’ to use Banks cash to manipulate the market. This time it might have been cash from Mutual funds through ‘not so legal methods.’ International banks financial engineering (read sub-prime) is of course there.

So what are the factors which should be looked forward to which can accelerate the pace of correcting into a Burst / Crash.

1. Coming to light of ‘not so legal’ means of using public money (mutual funds / banks) by certain individuals to manipulate the market. Mutual fund is a big risk area. General public is not following the basic ground rule of investing – ‘Never invest in something you don’t yourself understand’
2. Impending elections in two of the biggest democracies of the world and sudden realizations things are not as stable in terms of policy etc as it was assumed to be
3. Realization that many of the declared or bid for project are not actually viable at these prices
4. Sudden change of policy or tax rules
(for example currently stock market earning are almost tax free – Short term capital gain (STCG) attracts only 10% tax rate with Long term capital Gain (LTCG) is tax free. Dividend is tax free in hands of shareholders and Mutual fund investments attracts tax benefits under section 80C – It’s almost perfect for investors and as Aamir Khan said in Dil Chahta hai – it’s difficult to improve something which is already perfect. So tax changes most probably would have negative effect. Even decrease in tax on other avenues of savings like for fixed deposits would have negative impact on stock market due to flow of money to other avenues.)
5. More glaring sub-prime related mess in the international economy
6. Fall of a heavy weight (like Citibank etc)

7. Crash in real estate prices and Oil price fluctuation
8. Currency adjustments
– ( change of parity in important currencies like Chinese Yuan & American Dollar)
9. Decease in capex by China. China the world's growth driver would breathe a bit easy with Capital expenditure after the Olympics. This would slow down demand for Steel, cement, and construction goods around the world.

Tuesday, December 12, 2006

Mr. Chidambaram – The bubble maker

The last two crashes in Indian Stock market (May 2004 & May 2006) has experienced are unique because it recovered much faster than it generally does in a crash. And the credit for that goes to Mr. P Chidambaram the Finance Minister.

Every speculative market like Stock Market has inherent tendency to build up bubble. Margin trading, F & O, derivatives are all methods to increase speculation. And all these financial innovations are nothing but a step to circumvent regulation which tries to curb speculation. As the market goes up everybody is leveraging himself to take maximum exposure hence gain maximum from the rise. But when the market falls they also bear maximum loss.

Stock markets has a system called stop loss where after a certain fall the bulls book losses to stop further loss adding to selling pressure. Added to this the brokers have to revise the margin requirement for their clients forcing them to sell at loss and adding to selling pressure. This is snow ball effect and hence it’s called a Bubble.

Mr. Chidambaram is a veteran of the financial markets and knows this very well. Hence in May 2004 after BJP lost the elections and Congress came to power, he through the government controlled Financial Institutions made sure that this snow ball falling down the hill is stopped in between hence not leading to crash. He was successful then and managed to control triggers like stop loss and margin plays. Many people who were saved in that crash should thank him. Gaining confidence from his last success he did the same in May 2006 crash and successfully again. He managed to prove me wrong for a long time (http://neerajgutgutia.blogspot.com/2005/09/stock-market-burst-is-inevitable.html ) but lets see if he can repeat it this time. He might, he might not but remember each time he does that the snow ball is building up latent energy and increases the chances of bigger fall the next time and ‘faster fall’.

My analysis says that market should not be above 9000. Lets see whether he is able to delay the bust further. Even if he is successful this time, remember is can just delay it.

Another trend worth noting is that most these crash like situation happens around the time when a high profile IPO is getting listed. (The reason of the same might be that lot of cash which was circulating in the market and building the bubble get locked up for month or so in the IPO). Last time it was Air Deccan, this time it is Cairn India. And if Mr. Chidambaram manages to hold the snow ball for a while, the next might be DLF IPO.
Sorry readers if this read like salt in your wounds but you deserve it. Remember Mr. Chidambaram by protecting you every time is just exposing you to bigger risk. I feel like humming " Kab tak chupaogi jawani o rani......"